8/26/2023 0 Comments Anatomic physiology dead spaceDescribe how CO2 is transported in the bloodīlood transports CO2 from the tissue cells to the lungs in three forms:Ĭhemically bound to hemoglobine (just over 20%): dissolved CO2 is bound and carried inĬarbaminohemoglobin This reaction is rapid and does not require a catalyst.To the left as well, because this hemoglobin functions slightly The oxygen dissociation curve for fetal(foetaal) hemoglobin is shifted Of blood pH) or BPG levels in blood lowers Hb’s affinity for O 2, enhancing oxygen unloading from the blood. Speaking, an increase in temperature, P02, H+ (this means decrease Describe how the oxygen dissociation curve is shifting when changes in PH or temperatureįactors influence Hb saturation by modifying hemoglobin’s three-ĭimensional structure, thereby changing its affinity for O2.Hemoglobin (Hb) affect oxygen binding in the lungs and oxygen release in the tissues. The oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve will help you understand how the properties of Relationship ensures optimal oxygen pickup and delivery. The amount of oxygen carried by hemoglobin depends on the PO2 available locally. blood concentration of an organic chemical called BPG. The rate at which Hb reversibly binds or releases O 2 is regulated by, and these factors interact toĮnsure that adequate O2 is delivered to tissue cells. Tension = Tension within the sphere's wall.Thickness = Thickness of the sphere's wall.Where: - Pressure = The pressure inside the sphere Pressure = (2 x Thickness x Tension)/Radius Pumping out intrapleural fluid by the lymphatic system. Immediately, which is why the intrapleural space is kept free form fluid accumulation by actively If this pressure was not negative the lungs would collapse These forces are in balance and lead to a negative intrapleural pressure compared to the The lungs natural tendency to recoil due to its elasticity, and the surface tension of alveolar fluidĪre balance with the thoracic elasticity, that pulls the thorax outwards and enlarges the lungs. Phases, but is always about 4 mm Hg less than Ppul. The pressure in the pleural cavity, the intrapleural pressure (Pip), also fluctuates with breathing Pressure rises and falls with the phases of breathing, but it always equalizes with the atmospheric pressure eventually The intrapulmonary (intra-alveolar) pressure (Ppul) is the pressure in the alveoli. Explain the functional importance of the partial vacuum that exists in the intrapleural space.Total dead space = the summation of these two If some alveoli cease to act in gas exchange (due to alveolar collaps) the alveolar dead space is Ideal body weight) = TV - alveolar ventilation. (rule of thump= anatomical dead space is equal to 1 ml per pound of The volume of these conducting zone conduits, which make up theĪnatomical dead space. Some of the inspired air fills the conducting respiratory passageways and never contribute to gasĮxchange in the alveoli. Name and explain the different lung volumes Parietal pleura lines thoracicĬavity visceral pleura covers external lung surfaceĮxplain the mechanism behind the flow of air in the lungs Stroma is fibrous elasticĬonnective tissue, allowing lungs to recoil passively Lungs Paired composite organs that flank mediastinum in Special alveolar cells produce surfactant ![]() Walls of simple squamous epithelium overlie thin Constriction of this muscleĪlveoli Microscopic chambers at termini of bronchial tree. ![]() Walls lack cartilage but contain complete layer of Subdivide within the lungs to form lobar and Shaped cartilages that are incomplete posteriorlyĬonsists of right and left main bronchi, which Trachea Flexible tube running from larynx and dividing (glottis) can be closed by epiglottis or vocal folds. Has framework ofĬartilage and dense connective tissue. Houses tonsils (lymphoid tissue masses involved in Nasopharynx, oropharynx and laryngopharynx. Pharynx Passageway connecting nasal cavity to larynx and Mucosa-lined, air filled cavities in cranial bones Roof of nasal cavity contains olfactory epithelium. Internal nasal cavity is divided by midline nasal ![]() Jutting external portion is supported by bone and Describe their anatomy and their functions.Name the main parts of the respiratory system.
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